Gamming may cause hearing loss and tinnitus, warns review

A systematic review of global studies has found that video gamers may be at risk of permanent hearing loss or tinnitus, a ringing in the ears, due to unsafe sound levels. The review, published in BMJ Public Health, suggests that gamers often play for long periods of time with the volume turned up, beyond the safe limits recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO).

The researchers, from the University of South Carolina and the WHO, analyzed 14 studies involving more than 50,000 people from different countries and regions.

They found that the average sound levels reported in these studies ranged from 83 to 91 decibels (dB), which are close to or above the permissible exposure levels for adults.

For children, the thresholds are even lower, as their ears are more sensitive to noise.

The review also found that impulse sounds, such as shooting noises, could reach up to 119dB, which is equivalent to the noise of a jet engine. These sudden and loud sounds could damage the delicate cells in the inner ear, leading to hearing loss or tinnitus.

The researchers warned that gaming may be a common source of unsafe listening, which could place many individuals worldwide at risk of hearing impairment.

They urged more public health efforts to raise awareness of the potential risks of gaming, and to promote safe listening practices among gamers.

Some of the possible interventions include educating gamers about the signs and symptoms of hearing loss and tinnitus, providing them with tools to monitor and control the sound levels of their games, and encouraging them to take regular breaks and use hearing protection devices.

The researchers also called for more research to establish a stronger link between gaming and hearing loss, and to explore the impact of factors such as e-sports, geographic region, sex and age. They noted that some of the studies they reviewed were outdated, as the gaming world has changed significantly in the past decade.

Gaming is a popular and growing form of entertainment, with more than 3 billion gamers worldwide in 2022.

While gaming can have many benefits, such as improving cognitive skills, social interaction and mental health, it can also have negative effects on physical health, such as vision, posture and hearing.

The researchers concluded that "gamers who are listening at high-intensity sound levels and for long periods of time may be at risk of permanent sound-induced hearing loss and/or tinnitus".

They added: "The findings suggest that there may be a need to prioritise interventions, such as initiatives focused on education and awareness of the potential risks of gaming, that can help promote safe listening among gamers.